Half of paediatric cancer cases go undiagnosed and untreated worldwide. According to Zachary Ward and colleagues from Harvard University T.H. published in The Lancet Oncology, nearly one in two children with cancer go undiagnosed and may pass away without treatment.
In fact, the model predicts that there were 397.000 new cases of childhood cancer worldwide in 2015, even though only 224,000 cases had been previously reported as diagnosed in that year. As a result, the researchers have concluded that more than 43% of these cases went untreated. However, there were significant regional differences, ranging from 3% in Western Europe (120 undiagnosed cases out of 4,300 total new cases) and North America (300 of 10,900 cases) to 57% (43,000 of 76,000 new cases) in Western Africa. The study's authors calculated that on such a course, with present levels of health system performance, between 2015 and 2030, roughly three million out of 6.7 million total cases would be missed.
Accounting for underestimate is crucial: policymakers need precise incidence estimates, but many nations lack cancer registries that provide that information (and often even if they do have, cases might be incorrectly classified). Stronger health systems are required for early diagnosis, referral, and treatment, according to Ward, as the hidden incidence of childhood cancer starts to come to light. "Expanding cancer registration will be crucial to tracking success."
Although the incidence of new childhood cancer cases is dropping or unchanged in the most of the world's regions, scientists estimate that more than 90% of all new cases occur in low- and middle-income nations. "It is obvious that the health systems in low- and middle-income nations are unable to address the demands of children with cancer. Universal health coverage—one of the Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations must prioritise treating childhood cancer, says senior author Professor Rifat Atun, Harvard University, USA.
The National Cancer Institute, the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, the Harvard Medical School, SickKids, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, and the Union for International Cancer Control provided funding for the study.
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